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19 When he approached the camp and saw the calf and the dancing, Moses became extremely angry.[a] He threw the tablets from his hands and broke them to pieces at the bottom of the mountain.[b] 20 He took the calf they had made and burned it in the fire, ground it[c] to powder, poured it out on the water, and made the Israelites drink it.[d]

21 Moses said to Aaron, “What did this people do to you, that you have brought on them so great a sin?”

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 32:19 tn Heb “and the anger of Moses burned hot.”
  2. Exodus 32:19 sn See N. M. Waldham, “The Breaking of the Tablets,” Judaism 27 (1978): 442-47.
  3. Exodus 32:20 tn Here “it” has been supplied.
  4. Exodus 32:20 tn Here “it” has been supplied.sn Pouring the ashes into the water running from the mountain in the brook (Deut 9:21) and making them drink it was a type of the bitter water test that tested the wife suspected of unfaithfulness. Here the reaction of the people who drank would indicate guilt or not (U. Cassuto, Exodus, 419).